X p paving-block



PAViliiG slices,

QPEQEFICATHN forming part of Letters Patent No. 817,7G5, dated January1?, 1899, Application filed December 1,1896. Seriol No. 614,128. (Nospecimens) To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOSEPH HAY Jones, (L citizen of the United States,residing at Philedelphiu, county ofPhilei'lelphie, end Sluts ofPennsylvania, have invcn ted certain. new and useful Improvements inPavingillocks; and. lhereby declare that the following specification isa, full clear, and exact-description of the said i1 The object of myinvention is the production of a composite pcvingfiolocl: consisting ofa, hose composed principally of clay and fibers, formed by treatment inWater, and n lop composed of several distinct layers, principally ofasphalt and fibers, formed hytreat meet in oils, both base and top beingcement-- ed together under pressure, as hereinafter particularlydcscribedi; v

The method of constructing said pavinghlocks consists, essentially, ofthe following steps, namely: First I place in t tank properly equippedwith mechanism for mixing and stirring its contcntse quantity of ureterand a quantity of cl tv, in about the proporiions of one and one-halfinensnres of Waterto one measure of ma When the clay is thoroughlydissolved,l agitate the contents of the tonic end'ld'ring all the clayin suspension in said water. I then add to the some fibrous materials ofall descriptious---suoh as grosses,

hay, straw, leaves, twigs, shavings, hair, and.

the like end mix them perfectly together until they become one pulpymuss. When I can work no more fibcrs into the said mess, I then add amixture of dry hydraulic cement and pulverized rock (in about theproportion of one port of cement to two parts of the rock) to the massand incorporate it as for as possible; I then remove the mass from thetank n-nd cost it thickly with the said mixture of cement and pulverizedrock. Having done this, the said mass is then placed in molds as thefirst step toward making the said paving-blocks. The second stepconsists in placingupon the'said mass while in said-molds a. layer ofthe said mixture of cement and pul verized rock in a perfectlydrycondition: My reason for using the said niixtnreof dryhydrauliccement and pulverized pool: in the manner above described is it veryimportant one, for while the said clayehd fibers 'Will of oils, pitch,and tars. prefer to use for this purpose consists of two of the on orrosin-oil.

I boil down, and in the hot liquor I steep the not set with tho'ceineups t in said dry cemerit and pulverized rock will not as an ab sorbentof the moisture in the mass, which will seek to escape when pressure isbrought down upon the contents of the said molds at the final stage ofthe process. llesides, the cement gives the clay a harder, firmer, andtougher condition when di" the fibers acting as a binder to the Whole;but i. can secure the same result by placing o.- hot-pitched rubble uponthe face of the said first layer. My third step consistsini placing; insaid molds upon the two layers already therein another layer which iscomposed of the said. fibrous Illillrials or the like saturated with acomposition The composition I ship-pitch and resin-oil or petroleunrtnr,in the proportions of about ten ports of pitch to This composition saidfibers. They are then placed in the said molds in this hot state.Fourth, upon the said layers elreadyin'the said mold I now placeenotherleyergvhich is compose of the following inziteriehiunmncly:refined asphalt or refined esphall 'gu'in of the best quality and test,shredded fibers of paper, WOOLl, refuse lcethoigrope, hair, cotton,ushcstosnud such fibrous materials. The asphalt and tho fibers arethoroi ghiy boiled mid mixed together in ii proper vessel, and to thesemcwhen in said vessel there is added ai'quentity oi pulverized rock,gravel, send, and the like, for the purpose of eficcting a perfectabsorption of the oil of the osphultend importing hardness and strengthto resist indentation to the mass.

Fifth, when said fourth layer is in said molds I then face it with aquantity of steel, iron, and metal fiiiugs of oll kinds, which arethrown in seidinolds looselyon the top, in 6t hot state, of thesnidfourth layer, or the.

metal boringsor filings may be mixed with the said fifth layer} or inlieu of the said metal filings l mnyfuce the said fourth layer vwithground lime-rock, sand, or othermincral '"matier ground fine.

In the above, layers 1 and 2 constitute the base, which when compressedwill preferably be about four inches or four and onequartor inches inthickness, while layers 3, t, and

constitute-the top, which. when compressed will preferably be about oneinch in, illicit rock, opening and separating them as far as possiblefor that purpose, that each individ' ual fiber maybe coated with saidlime-rock dust. I then take these fibers and mix with them Portlandcement and pulverized rock anddamp'en the Whole with water. In thiscondition they are placed in said molds upon layers 1 and 2,constituting thebase, as aforesaid. I now bring down upon the contentsof the said molds plungers having a pressureup to ten thousand pounds tothe square inch, if

, rook layer No. 2.

the base, as explained in the foregoing, connecessary,'and the result isthe formation of concrete blocks having the qualities of being,

when laid down as a pavement-,noiseless,durahle,land fire'and moistureproof, with a metal or mineral'surface, according to the choiceofmaterials made, as stated above. dent thatl may lay this pavement insheets. i y I wish particularly to point out a very valuable quality andfeature in the construction \of the said paving-block, one whichIbelieve is entirely new. It is the method by which oil and water areblended together into a joint which is exceedingly strong and effect-v Irefer to the cement and pulverized-- ive.

Layer N0. 1, constituting sists of water, clay, and fibers compoundedtogether in a cold state or condition, while 7 It is evi-' the top,consisting of the layers above layer No. 2, is composed of fibers,asphalt, oils, and gums compounded together in averyhot condition. Thenthe plunger-s are brought down upon the contents of the said molds, thesurplus water of layer No. 1 lindsroom for itself in the cement of layerNo. 2, which absorbs it, and in so doing brings out the adhesive andbinding qualities of the said cement. In like manner the surplus oilsand gums of the layers superposed upon layer No. also enter said layerand become incorporated andset therewith, with the result of making aperfect joint between all the said layers and holding the whole blockfirmly together.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, anddcsiretosecure byLctters Patent, is- .1

1. In a paving-block the combination of two strata, the lower one ofsame being composed of clay and fiber, andthe topstratum being composedof asphalt and fib s, lac rd on its upper surface with a composition oimetal fibers, ground stone and cement, substantially as described.

*2. Ina paving-block or pavement the combination of two strata, thelower one of same being composed of clay and fibers, and the top onebeing composed of fibers and shredded paper vulcanized by beingthoroughly saturated with a compositiorsof oils and resins and beingthereafter filled with cementand pulverized rock, and faced on its uppersur face with a composition of metal fibors,ground stone and cement,substantially as described.

JOSEPH HAY AMIES. Witnesses:

\CLEMENT Cansso'x,

JAs, II. ROBERT$ON.

